American Forests Responds: Sexual Harassment at the U.S. Forest Service

March 9th, 2018|0 Comments

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As a longtime partner of the U.S. Forest Service, we know the agency works hard caring for all of our nation’s forests, and has been a leader in promoting diversity in the workplace. While we applaud these efforts, it is very clear much more is needed to be done to ensure that everyone feels safe and respected in the workplace throughout the forest community.

We, at American Forests, are deeply disturbed by reports of sexual harassment that occurs at the U.S. Forest Service. Sexual harassment is unacceptable anywhere.

“We support the brave women who have come forward to tell their stories, and all whom have experienced this unacceptable behavior,” said Scott Steen, president and CEO of American Forests. “At minimum, everyone deserves a safe workplace free from harassment and retaliation. But beyond that, everyone deserves a workplace where they are treated with dignity and respect, and where their talents and efforts are welcomed and celebrated, without regard to gender.”

The U.S. Forest Service has long been a critical and valued partner of American Forests. That is why we strongly support efforts by both the Congressional oversight committees and U.S. Forest Service itself to investigate and address the deep-seated cultural issues that have been so damaging to many female employees. Every organization in the forest community, including public agencies like the U.S. Forest Service and nonprofits like American Forests, must be committed to providing safe, inclusive workplaces to advance equity in our country.

We stand ready to assist these efforts in any way possible.

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Planting Desert Landscapes at GreenBiz 2018

March 8th, 2018|Tags: , |0 Comments

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By Lindsey Putz, Director of Corporate Giving

Attending the GreenBiz 2018 conference was my first trip to Arizona. I grew up in Michigan and currently reside in D.C. While both places are beautiful, escaping the winter for a week in Phoenix was a welcomed opportunity. I left 30-degree weather combined with rain and humidity in D.C., and flew into 70-degree, sunny and dry weather. I wasn’t complaining!

Thanks to GreenBiz and Clif Bar’s support, American Forests had the opportunity to host a native desert restoration planting for conference attendees at the North Mountain Park Visitor Center at the Phoenix Mountain Preserve. Our awesome local partners, Phoenix Parks and Recreation and the Arizona Sustainability Alliance, put together a really fun day for everyone.

I was skeptical when I found out in advance that we would be planting cacti. How does one plant the prickly cacti? The answer is, carefully.

A group of 25 conference attendees from various industries and departments came together to plant almost 75 native trees, cacti and other vegetation. We all listened intently as we were taught how to wrap a rubber hose around a cactus, lift it up and hold it in place, while other volunteers set rocky soil around it.

A demonstration of how to properly plant a cactus.

Then we broke out into groups to get our hands dirty.

Volunteers digging a hole in preparation for planting.

Our group leader, Kathy, corrected our mistakes as we clumsily planted a small saguaro cactus. She also shared the many ecological benefits of the saguaro with us. Its flowers and seeds are a food source for small animals, birds can build nests in it, and it is efficient at storing carbon dioxide.

American Forests staff member Eliza Kretzmann finishes planting a saguaro cactus.

As one of the other volunteers in my group accurately described it, the saguaro is like the sea anemone of the desert. It protects birds nesting in it from larger predators with its spiky exterior.

Who knew? Well, probably most folks from the Southwest, but certainly not this Midwesterner.

As we continued planting, Kathy frequently reminded us to stay hydrated. As she put it, “If you’re thirsty, you’re already behind.”

The event was empowering, informative, fun and challenging. We wrapped up the day with delicious Clif Bars and a group photo, got back on the bus and talked about our planting experiences. From what I heard on our bus ride home, I wasn’t the only tree advocate in the group.

American Forests staff members Lindsey Putz, Jennifer Broome and Eliza Kretzmann (left to right).

There were a lot of smiles and new friendships formed, and all of us had learned new, interesting facts about the desert landscape. We took pride in what we were able to do for the environment. We felt more content to spend the rest of the day sitting in conference sessions.

I have been working with American Forests for nearly two years, and my passion for our work grows every day. Being a part of this planting opportunity took my passion for trees to a whole new height.

Plenty of smiles to go around after our amazing group of volunteers successfully planted 75 native trees, cacti and other vegetation in Phoenix.

I encourage anyone who has thought about planting trees, but hasn’t had the opportunity yet, to do so either at home or through work. American Forests has many employee engagement opportunities for you and your coworkers to get involved!

The post Planting Desert Landscapes at GreenBiz 2018 appeared first on American Forests.

Surviving Harvey

Hello!  Long time no blogging.  The doc was getting burned out from work and other things… then Hurricane Harvey hit Houston. I survived with little damage to my house, so I’m pretty happy about that.  Unfortunately, many of my friends and coworkers were not so lucky.  They had damage ranging from a few inches of water in their garage, submerged cars and trucks, a few inches in their house, to having the entire first floor under water.  Lots of hassles, from cleaning out a garage to gutting an entire floor of a house — and all the headaches of dealing with insurance companies, FEMA, and replacing lost property. I’m really happy that no one I know was severely injured, although many had injuries after the Read More …

The post Surviving Harvey appeared first on The Climate Advisor.

Forced responses: Mar 2018

This month’s open thread on responses to climate change (politics, adaptation, mitigation etc.). Please stay focused on the overall topic. Digressions into the nature and history of communism/feudal societies/anarchistic utopias are off topic and won’t be posted. Thanks. The open thread for climate science topics is here.

Why I’m Here: Walking in Ansel Adams’ Footsteps

February 26th, 2018|0 Comments

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By Devon Kellums, American Forests

In the suburbs of Chicago where I grew up, I wasn’t exactly surrounded by forests. However, I was lucky enough to have parents who were determined to get me outdoors to experience all of what nature has to offer. Whenever I started to feel bored over a long summer break, my parents would encourage me to walk to the nearest forest preserve.

Credit: Devon Kellums, American Forests Multimedia Intern

I spent many days exploring Leroy Oaks, a forest preserve about a mile away from my house. I was always either taking photos or walking our dogs along the paths. I felt at peace among the trickling creeks and the rustling leaves. It was a place for me to get away from the sounds of cars rushing by or the bustle of my own house.

My family also recognized the importance of traveling to experience new landscapes. When I was in middle school, we went on a road trip to Yellowstone National Park. I was utterly amazed by the powerful geysers, the vibrant hot springs, and the diversity of the animals. I yearned to go back as soon as I left, and luckily, I was able to do so before my senior year of high school.

Credit: Devon Kellums

I immediately noticed some changes during our first hike. Some of the vegetation wasn’t as vibrant. More of the trees were dying. I didn’t see nearly as many animals as I had before. That’s when I realized the seriousness of climate change, and felt the need to do something to help our environment.

Yellowstone will always amaze me, and I will always want to go back. The park has so much to offer, and it has an incredible history behind it. On that second trip, I stood in the exact spot as Ansel Adams did when he took one of his famous photos.

Credit: Ansel Adams

As I set up my camera to take the same shot as him, I felt passion, peacefulness and awe well up inside of me. Ansel Adams had worked to raise awareness for the importance of nature and preserving our national parks. He’s also been my long time inspiration, and a big motivator for me to take photography classes. When I snapped a photo in the same spot as this amazing photographer, I knew I wanted to continue in his footsteps.

I came to D.C. through the Scripps in D.C. program offered at Ohio University. It includes a ten-week long, full-time internship for visual communication and journalism students. As a junior studying Commercial Photography, this program was the right fit for me.

I knew I wanted to make the most of my time here in D.C., and I didn’t want to work just anywhere. While perusing different internships online, I found one with American Forests. When I saw on their website that they were trying to save the grizzly bear habitat in Yellowstone, I instantly thought of my last visit there.

Credit: Devon Kellums

It seemed like a sign.

The work American Forests does is incredibly important, which is why I have joined them as a Multimedia Intern. I have a passion for visual communication and a love for nature, so this internship seemed like the ideal way to bring them together. I also like to think this experience will help me follow in Ansel Adams’ footsteps. I am so grateful for this opportunity, and I am excited to be part of a team that’s making a difference!

The post Why I’m Here: Walking in Ansel Adams’ Footsteps appeared first on American Forests.

More ice-out and skating day data sets

The responses to the last post on the Rideau Canal Skateway season changes were interesting, and led to a few pointers to additional data sets that show similar trends and some rather odd counter-points from the usual suspects.

Minnesotan Lakes

The most comprehensive (and up-to-date) set of “ice out” data for lakes is, unsurprisingly perhaps, from the Dept. of Natural Resources in Minnesota. Data (sometimes patchy) goes back in places to the 19th Century. The earliest data is for Lake Pepin starting in 1843. By 1900, there are a further 6 lakes with data: Clear, Christmas, Minnetonka, Osakis, Sagatagan, and Shields.


Figure 1: The seven longest data sets of Minnesotan lake “ice out” dates (with data back to at least 1900). Ice out date is shown relative to the vernal equinox (see below for details). Red lines are loess ~30yr smooths.

One commentator on twitter made a point of picking out Lake Minnetonka, and noting that the earliest ice out date on record was in 1878, as if that negated any of the long term trends there or elsewhere. It is however quite interesting to look into data from that year. Pepin, Osakis and Clear had huge anomalies that year, and estimates of regional temperature show a very warm winter that has only recently been matched. Given the standard deviation in the residuals (about 10 days), the 30+ day earlier ice out was a massive anomaly (more than 3\sigma) and was noticed and commented on at the time. Contemporary reports from Minneapolis described it the “Year without a Winter”. But one warm winter does not a trend make, and the trends in almost all the lakes are clearly towards an earlier ice out over the last 40 years. Given the interannual variability though, you still need a multiple decades to significantly detect a trend of 10 days or so per century.

Other North American lakes

There are good data sets for dozens of other lakes in North America, notably ice duration from Lakes Mendota and Monona in Wisconsin. Note that ice duration is slightly less noisy dataset than ice out.

These data are nominally collated by the Global Lake and River Ice Phenology Database, but it isn’t that up-to-date, though it does include a lot of long records from Europe.

One other notable lake is Lake Winnipesaukee in NH (h/t David Appell), which has records from 1887 and a betting pool.

Dutch skating days

One reader pointed me to a graph of declining “schaatsdagen” (skate days) at De Bilt in the Netherlands made by Bart Vreeken. There is a partial dataset online, but I’m not really clear on the provenance of the data or how it was calculated.

Note on accounting for calendrical anomalies

Because of the fact that the orbital period of the Earth around the sun is not an integer number of days, the astronomical “seasons” move around a little in the calendar. Thankfully, it doesn’t move around quite as much since the adoption of the Gregorian Calendar, but on short timescales (< 500 years) the impacts of leap years and the variation of the vernal equinox can alias climatic trends. The VE is normally either the 20th or 21st of March, though this century will have a few years with the VE on March 19th as well (calculations are here). Records which are based on calendrical dates (such as ice on, or ice out) therefore have a little noise in them just because of this. So for ease of comparison, in my plots I generally show the number of days from the vernal equinox to account for it. This is a small correction and in general doesn’t make any noticeable difference, though it can affect the rankings of individual years.

Forest Digest: February 25, 2018

February 25th, 2018|Tags: , , |0 Comments

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Credit: Dave Armstrong via earthtimes.org

Check out what’s happened this week in forestry news!

Tropical trees use unique method to resist droughtPhys.org

Tropical rainforests are important carbon sinks that reduce global greenhouse gases, so the recent study investigating how tropical trees may be more drought-resistant shows how they’re adapting to climate change.

A group has pledged to plant a million trees to combat Trump’s pro-coal stance – and they’ve been wildly successfulBusiness Insider

The “Trump Forest” project began a little under a year ago in response to President Trump’s pledge to pull the U.S. out of the Paris climate agreement. Since then, over 3,300 people have donated funds to plant new forests around the world. The project hopes to combat Trump’s pro-fossil-fuel energy policy.

As climate changes, so could the genes of the Eastern tiger swallowtail butterflyScience Daily

Climate change can influence the geographic distribution of a species due to their response to changing conditions, and it may also affect the evolutionary trajectories of interbreeding species. A new study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences examines the movement of the Eastern and Canadian tiger swallowtail butterfly to see how climate change affects the management of their biodiversity.

There’s a “Doorway to the Underworld” in Siberia So Big It’s Uncovered Ancient ForestsScience Alert

One of the biggest craters in Siberia’s permafrost region is known as the “doorway to the underworld” by the local Yakutian people. It’s growing so rapidly that long-buried forests, carcasses, and up to 200,000 years of historical climate records are being uncovered.

Which are Smarter, Red Squirrels or Gray Squirrels? Science Weighs InNational Geographic

In recent years, the European red squirrel population has been competing for resources with the invasive North American gray squirrel. Scientists tested both squirrels’ problem-solving abilities with one simple puzzle, and a complex one, to investigate why the red squirrel population is decreasing.

The post Forest Digest: February 25, 2018 appeared first on American Forests.

Rideau Canal Skateway

I’ve been interested in indirect climate-related datasets for a while (for instance, the Nenana Ice Classic). One that I was reminded of yesterday is the 48-year series of openings and closings of the Rideau Canal Skateway in Ottawa.

Rideau Canal Skateway. Lauren Bath

Since 1971, the National Capital Commission (NCC) in Ottawa has (once the ice is thick enough for safe skating) methodically tried to keep the frozen canal available for ice skaters (by clearing snow, smoothing surfaces, filling cracks etc.). This is possible only if the weather permits – first by being cold enough to sufficiently freeze the ice, and second by not being warm enough to melt the ice surface as the season progresses. Apart from the first season, which was not planned ahead of time, each year since has been anticipated to start in the second half of December (or early January) and ideally extends to March.

However, DJF temperatures in Ottawa have been rising, and so one might anticipate some trends in opening/closing dates and the length of the skating season. This year’s season (Jan 5th to Feb 21st) was shorter than the average season, but is that part of a trend?

The weather factors underlying the year-to-year variability in the season length were explored in Brammer et al (2015), and they used that to predict a slow decline in viability over time. For instance, the correlation of season length to the (negative) mean DJF temperature anomaly is over 0.4.

Oddly enough the full data set of season dates, length (since 1971) and skating days (collected since 1995) does not appear to be publically available from NCC. However, some of it is around (here and here), and so one can put together a full dataset of season lengths, skating days (since 1995), and opening/closing dates (since 2002).

Updating the Brammer et al graph to 2018 (including the record shortest season in 2016) is straightforward:

Rideau Canal Skateway. Brammer et al (updated)

As expected, there are clear trends in season length (a reduction of ~23±11 days (95% CI) since 1972), and while there are decreases in skating days, they aren’t significant due to the too short period (similarly with the available opening/closing dates). There is of course the possibility on non-climatic artifacts. Increasing skill/experience of the Skateway managers might prolong the season, while decreasing tolerances for risk(?) might shorten it. These are issues that are hard to quantify without much greater amounts of the meta-data associated with the opening and closing.

Nevertheless, we have another independent dataset which conforms to our expectations that outdoor ice in North America is suffering.

References


  1. J.R. Brammer, J. Samson, and M.M. Humphries, “Declining availability of outdoor skating in Canada”, Nature Climate Change, vol. 5, pp. 2-4, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2465

Forest Digest: February 18, 2018

February 18th, 2018|Tags: , , , , |0 Comments

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Check out what’s happened this week in forestry news!

Peru Moves to Protect ‘One of the Last Great Intact Forests’The New York Times

Yaguas National Park, located in northeastern Peru, will protect millions of acres of wilderness from development and deforestation. The land it covers is home to a diverse number of fish, plant, bird and mammal species (including the endangered giant otter), many of which can’t be found anywhere else in the world. It was recently discovered that the park also has peat bogs, which form a network that stores massive amounts of carbon and could play an important role in reducing carbon emissions.

Vast bioenergy plantations could stave off climate change – and radically reshape the planetScience Magazine

Researchers have discovered that cutting down on emissions isn’t enough to effectively reduce global warming. To make a difference, negative emissions technologies need to be developed and used to remove more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. One technique, known as bioenergy with carbon capture and storage is at the forefront of these technologies. It involves cultivating fast-growing grasses and trees to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. They would then be burned at power plants to generate energy, but instead of releasing the vegetation’s carbon into the atmosphere, it would be captured and pumped underground.

Consumer and industrial products now a dominant air pollution source – Phys.org

Chemical products containing refined petroleum compounds now rival vehicle emissions as the top source of urban air pollution. Products like household cleaners, pesticides, paints, perfumes, lotions and other products contribute about as much to air pollution as vehicle emissions do.

Hunting is changing forests, but not as expectedScience Daily

Most trees in the rainforest depend on animals to spread their seeds, either through consumption or by sticking to their fur. Originally it was thought that the decrease in fruit-eating animals by over-hunting would result in altered forest makeup and huge decreases in the amount of carbon stored in tropical forests. A new study of the Amazon rainforest published in the Journal of Ecology has determined the effects of losing seed dispersers on the ecosystem are less straightforward, and less immediately devastating.

The post Forest Digest: February 18, 2018 appeared first on American Forests.